This research maps sustainable and climate-adaptive architecture practices in Bangladesh, redefining architecture as a broad spatial practice that includes both professional design and community-led solutions.

Bangladesh faces high climate risk, rapid urbanisation and resource constraints. Sustainable architecture is therefore a practical response to survival, not simply a design preference.

The report supports the British Council’s work on cultural relations by connecting knowledge, practice and innovation between Bangladesh and the United Kingdom.

Scope and focus

The study examines architecture across urban and rural contexts in Bangladesh. It includes formal buildings, informal settlements and locally developed solutions.

It identifies ten themes, including community welfare, climate resilience, material innovation, and water and energy systems. The research draws on real projects and lived practices across the country.

Key findings include:

  • Sustainable architecture in Bangladesh is rooted in local knowledge, culture and everyday practices rather than imported models.
  • Low-tech and cost-effective innovations often deliver strong environmental and social outcomes at scale.
  • Water is treated as a design asset, supporting cooling, agriculture and resilience in flood-prone areas.
  • Women’s leadership plays a critical role in community-led design, finance management and construction processes.
  • Projects demonstrate measurable impact, including reduced energy use, lower carbon materials, and affordable housing solutions.

The report shows that Bangladesh offers valuable lessons in climate-responsive design through its integration of ecology, community and tradition.

It highlights the need for policy reform, education and financing systems that recognise and support these practices at scale.

Acknowledgements:

This report was commissioned by the British Council and produced by the Bengal Institute for Architecture, Landscapes and Settlements. The British Council extends its sincere gratitude to Professor Kazi Khaleed Ashraf and Architect Nusrat Sumaiya for their leadership, intellectual guidance, and dedication in developing this research. The report has benefited from the contributions of the Bengal Institute research team and from the valuable insights of advisory contributors, including Professor Atiqur Rahman, Professor Ripin Kalra, and Architect Khondaker Hasibul Kabir. We also acknowledge the wider 

Citation: 

Ashraf, K. K., & Sumaiya, N. (2026). Sustainable Architecture Practices. British Council. https://doi.org/10.57884/4814-QV05

© 2026 by the British Council. Shared under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial 4.0 International Licence