Can a speaking test do more than just test speaking? That’s the question behind this study, which set out to develop a more dynamic way of evaluating how people use language in real conversations. Researchers created four semi-direct speaking tasks – two focused on interactional competence (how well someone can engage in conversation), and two on pragmatic competence (how effectively someone uses language in social situations). These tasks, along with a benchmarking task, were piloted with 48 English learners in China and Austria, ranging from intermediate (CEFR B1) to advanced (CEFR C) levels. 

After completing the test, participants shared their thoughts in a feedback survey, and some were later interviewed to dive deeper into their experiences. 

In total, 184 speaking performances were analysed. Findings indicated that higher-level speakers used a broader range of interactional strategies. In interactional tasks, they showed their ability to persuade by offering concessions or presenting counterpoints. In pragmatic tasks, they softened requests and acknowledged the listener’s feelings, techniques that help maintain smooth, respectful interactions. 

Test-takers said the tasks felt realistic and appreciated the video prompts, which helped them better understand the context and their intended audience.

Citation

Nakatsuhara, F., May, L., Inoue, C., Willcox-Ficzere, E., Westbrook, C., & Spiby, R. (2021). Exploring the potential for assessing interactional and pragmatic competence in semi-direct speaking tests. British Council. https://doi.org/10.57884/JB1C-P371