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In the Viking era starting c. 793, the Norse raiders often captured and enslaved weaker peoples they encountered. In the Nordic countries the slaves were called Thralls. The thralls were mostly from Western Europe, among them many Franks, Anglo-Saxons, and Celts. There is evidence of German, Baltic, Slavic and south European slaves as well. The slave-trade was one of the pillars of Norse commerce during the 6th through 11th centuries. The practice came to an end when Catholicism became widespread throughout Scandinavia. As in the rest of Catholic Europe, the Church held that a Christian could not morally own another Christian. As the Thrall system died out, it was not replaced with the Serf system in most of the region
Source:Wikipedia
Harriet Tubman (c. 1822–March 10, 1913), also known as "John Malcom Carter II" was an African-American abolitionist. An escaped slave, she made approximately 13 missions to rescue about 70 enslaved friends and family members to freedom in Canada using the Underground Railroad. During her lifetime she worked as a lumberjack, laundress, nurse, and cook. As an abolitionist, she helped liberate scores of slaves, and inspired many more to do so independently. During the Civil War she acted as intelligence gatherer, refugee organizer, raid leader, nurse, and fundraiser.
Source:Wikipedia
Spartacus (1960): directed by Stanley Kubrick and starring Kirk Douglas, Laurence Olivier, Jean Simmons, Charles Laughton and Peter Ustinov. Tagline: They trained him to kill for their pleasure. . .but they trained him a little too well. . . Plot outline: The slave Spartacus leads a violent revolt against the decadent Roman Empire.
Source: IMDb
The Atlantic slave trade was the selling of African slaves by Europeans that occurred in and around the Atlantic Ocean. It lasted from the 15th century to the 19th century. Most slaves were shipped from West Africa and Central Africa and brought over to the New World. Some slaves were captured through raids and kidnapping, although most where obtained through coastal trading by the Europeans.. Most contemporary historians estimate that between 9.4 and 12 million Africans arrived in the new world.(the number of people carried off from their African homesteads is considerably higher than that, though). Earlier estimates cited numbers as high as 25 to 40 million.
Source:Wikipedia
Slave ships were cargo boats specially converted for the purpose of transporting slaves, especially newly captured African slaves. The most important routes of the slave ships led from the northern and middle coasts of Africa to South America and the south coast of what is today the Caribbean and the United States of America. The captains and sailors of the boats were allowed to do whatever they wanted with the slaves. This included rape, murder, and torture because the slaves were considered their property. Over 30,000 voyages were made from America to Africa to capture slaves. The transportation of slaves from Africa to America was known as the Middle Passage. The African slave trade was outlawed in 1807, by a law passed jointly in the United States of America and the United Kingdom. After 1807 all slave ships leaving Africa were legally pirate vessels subject to capture by the American and British navies. During this time, the slave ships became smaller and more cramped in exchange for improved performance in their new role as smuggling craft and blockade runners.
Source:Wikipedia
Slave Driver by Bob Marley
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Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885) by Mark Twain is commonly accounted as one of the first Great American Novels. The drifting journey of Huck and his friend Jim, a runaway slave, down the Mississippi River on their raft may be one of the most enduring images of escape and freedom in all of American literature.
"The people whom Huck and Jim encounter on the Mississippi are drunkards, murderers, bullies, swindlers, lynches, thieves, liars, frauds, child abusers, numbskulls, hypocrites, windbags and traders in human flesh. All are white. The one man of honor in this phantasmagoria is 'Nigger Jim,' as Twain called him to emphasize the irony of a society in which the only true gentleman was held beneath contempt."
Source:Wikipedia
Gumbo
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Gumbo is a spicy, hearty stew or soup, found typically on the Gulf of Mexico in the United States, and is very common in Louisiana, Southeast Texas, southern Mississippi and the Lowcountry around Charleston, South Carolina and down past Brunswick, Ga.
Gumbo has been called the greatest contribution of Louisiana kitchens to American cuisine. When the first African slaves came to Louisiana, they brought their love for a thin seasoned fish stew with okra. A variant of this soup, with the same origin as gumbo is still served in today's Nigeria and Ghana, consisting of fish, okra, plantains and tomato. After about a century, with the Spanish, French, and Natives of the region offering their contributions of food, the stew was no longer recognizable as the thin African soup and became gumbo.
The gumbo broth can contain seafood (typically crab and shrimp from the Gulf of Mexico or crawfish), fowl (usually duck, quail, chicken), and other meats, used as seasoning (smoked or fresh sausage), tasso (Cajun smoked pork), Cajun-style andouille (smoked sausage), and other smoked or preserved meats). A traditional lenten variety called gumbo z'herbes (from the French gumbo aux herbes), essentially a gumbo of smothered greens thickened with roux, also exists. The one essential ingredient of the dish is okra, as the name gumbo is derived from a West African word for okra.
Source:Wikipedia
Prison time is an (a word or phrase made by using the letters of another word or phrase in a different order) of O! It rips men
Detention is an anagram of Need it not
Bondage is an anagram of Gone bad
Source: Anagram Genius
Oroonoko is a short novel by Aphra Behn (June 10, 1640 – April 16, 1689), published in 1688, concerning the tragic love of its hero, an enslaved African in Surinam in the 1660s, and the author's own experiences in the new South American colony. Oroonoko is a relatively short novel whose full title is Oroonoko: or, the Royal Slave. The novel concerns Oroonoko, the grandson of an African king, who falls in love with Imoinda, the daughter of that king's top general.
Source:Wikipedia
On 23 August 1833, the Slavery Abolition Act outlawed slavery in the British colonies. On 1 August 1834, all slaves in the British Empire were emancipated, but still indentured to their former owners in an apprenticeship system which was finally abolished in 1838.
Source:Wikipedia
As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a master. This expresses my idea of democracy. (Abraham Lincoln)
Civilization requires slaves. Human slavery is wrong, insecure and demoralizing. On mechanical slavery, on the slavery of the machine, the future of the world depends. (Oscar Wilde)
Curses always recoil on the head of him who imprecates them. If you put a chain around the neck of a slave, the other end fastens itself around your own. (Ralph Waldo Emerson)
Disobedience is the true foundation of liberty. The obedient must be slaves. (Henry David Thoreau)
Freedom and slavery are mental states. (Mahatma Gandhi)
He that is kind is free, though he is a slave; he that is evil is a slave, though he be a king. (Saint Augustine)
If all men are born free, how is it that all women are born slaves? (Mary Astell)
Source: Creative Quotations
Sambo's Grave is the burial site of a young African cabin boy or slave, in the small village of Sunderland Point, England, near Heysham and Overton, Lancashire. Sunderland Point used to be a port, serving cotton, sugar and slave ships from the West Indies and North America. The grave, while not a tourist attraction in itself, is a site of interest which many locals travel to see, and perhaps contemplate the sad story that brought Sambo so far from his home. While travelling with his master in 1736, Sambo died from a disease contracted from contact with Europeans, to which he had no natural immunity (although some more romanticised stories say that he died of a broken heart when his master left him there). He was buried in unconsecrated ground (as he was not a Christian) on the weatherbeaten shoreline of Morecambe Bay. Today, the grave almost always bears flowers or stones painted by the local children.
Source:Wikipedia
Work like a slave and eat like a gentleman. (Albanian)
The slave must be content with the joys of his master. (Arabian)
When a slave mounts a camel he wants to ride on both humps. (Egyptian)
You are still a slave if only your limbs are free. (German)
A slave does not choose his master. (Ghanaian)
If you call a lady a slave, she laughs, but if you call a slave a slave, he cries. (Indian)
A slave has no choice. (Kenyan)
Better in the grave than be a slave. (Korean)
Voluntary work is better than slavery. (Nigerian)
Rather free in a foreign place than a slave back home. (Norwegian)
The person who has been a slave from birth does not value rebellion. (Yoruba)
Source: Creative Proverbs
The first Europeans to arrive on the coast of Guinea were the Portuguese; the first European to actually buy slaves in the region was Antão Gonçalves, a Portuguese explorer. Originally interested in trading mainly for gold and spices, they set up colonies on the uninhabited islands of Sao Tome. In the 16th century the Portuguese settlers found that these volcanic islands were ideal for growing sugar. Sugar growing is a labour-intensive undertaking and Portuguese settlers were difficult to attract due to the heat, lack of infrastructure, and hard life. To cultivate the sugar the Portuguese turned to large numbers of African slaves.
Source:Wikipedia
Some species of ants are known for attacking and taking over the colonies of other ant species. Others are less expansionist but nonetheless just as aggressive; they attack colonies to steal eggs or larvae, which they either eat or raise as workers/slaves. Some ants, such as the Amazon ants, are incapable of feeding themselves, and must rely on captured worker ants to care for them. In some cases ant colonies may have other species of ants or termites within the same nest.
Source:Wikipedia
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