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Scotland: see UK Culture, an article, a poem, a cartoon, a poll, word game (1), word game (2) and word game (3), some trivia and links.
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United Kingdom: see UK Culture features, articles, word games, poems, cartoons, polls, trivia, history and links.
trivia
Scotland

Double-click on any word and see its definition from Cambridge Dictionaries Online.

History
Battle of Culloden: The final battle of the Jacobite Uprising of 1745/46. The army of Prince Charles Edward Stewart, consisting mainly of Highlanders, was soundly defeated by the Duke of Cumberland, bringing to an end the ambitions of the "Young Pretender" to recover the throne for the Stewart dynasty.
Source: Wikipedia

Person
Robert Burns (January 25, 1759 – July 21, 1796) is the best known of the poets who have written in Scots. His poem Auld Lang Syne is often sung at Hogmanay.
Source: Wikipedia

Films
Trainspotting (1996): directed by Danny Boyle and starring Ewan McGregor, Ewen Bremner, Jonny Lee Miller, Kevin McKidd and Robert Carlyle. Plot Outline: Renton, deeply immersed in the Edinburgh drug scene, tries to clean up and get out, despite the allure of the drugs and influence of friends.
Source: IMDb

Braveheart (1995): directed by and starring Mel Gibson. Tagline: What kind of man would defy a king? William Wallace, a commoner, unites the 13th Century Scots in their battle to overthrow English rule.
Source: IMDb

Rob Roy (1995): directed by Michael Caton-Jones and starring Liam Neeson and Jessica Lange. Tagline: Honor made him a man. Courage made him a hero. History made him a Legend. Plot Summary: In the highlands of Scotland in the 1700s, Rob Roy tries to lead his small town to a better future.
Source: IMDb

Numbers
Presentations for Modern Languages in Higher Grade Examinations in Scotland

1976

French 11,610
German 3,130
Spanish 659
Italian 364
Russian 114

1997

French 4,840
German 2,078
Spanish 788
Italian 188
Russian 22

Source: McPake et al, 1999

http://www.scre.ac.uk/scot-research/hallcont/chapter3.html

Things
Sporran: a small bag usually made of fur worn in front of the kilt (= type of skirt) by a person wearing traditional Scottish clothes.
Caber: a long heavy wooden pole which is thrown as a test of strength in traditional sports competitions in Scotland.
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/

Song
Scotland the Brave
See lyrics

Recipe
Haggis
See recipe

Wordplay

Scotland the Brave is an anagram of Och! Better vandals
The Royal Bank of Scotland is an anagram of And took tally of branches
Source: Anagramgenius

Scottish Danish (a type of cake sold in America) is an oxymoron (two or more words used together which have, or seem to have, opposite meanings).
http://www.oxymoronlist.com/

The following are all Scotland-related eponyms (words whose origin is the name of a person):
DUNCE = John Duns Scotus (c. 1265-1308), Scottish theologian (who was actually very smart).
GARDENIA = Alexander Garden (1730-91), Scottish-American botanist.
MACADAMIZE and MACADAM = John Loudon McAdam (1756-1836), Scottish engineer.
TARMAC = John Loudon McAdam (1756-1836), Scottish engineer (the word is short for "tarmacadam").

SCOTCH TAPE is one of many things that were originally trademarks but have become ordinary words found in dictionaries.
http://members.aol.com/gulfhigh2/words.html

Literature
Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832): Scottish novelist and poet. He is considered the father of both the regional and the historical novel.
Source: Wikipedia

Quotes
A Scotchman must be a very sturdy moralist who does not love Scotland better than truth. (Samuel Johnson)

Much may be made of a Scotchman, if he be "caught" young. (Samuel Johnson)

KILT, n. A costume sometimes worn by Scotchmen in America and Americans in Scotland. (Ambrose Bierce)

I've sometimes thought. . . that the difference between us and the English is that the Scotch are hard in all other respects but soft with women, and the English are hard with women but soft in all other respects. (James Matthew Barrie)

Proverbs
Scottish proverbs
If you don't see the bottom, don't wade.
When the heart is full the tongue will speak.
Be slow in choosing a friend but slower in changing him.
Never let your feet run faster than your shoes.
Get what you can and keep what you have; that's the way to get rich.

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