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david
by Earle Birney

Earle Alfred Birney, (13 May 1904 – 3 September 1995) was a distinguished Canadian poet. He was twice winner of the Governor General's Award for Literature (for David and Other Poems, 1942, and for Now Is Time, 1945). He also became literary editor of the Canadian Forum in 1936.

Double-click on any word and see its definition from Cambridge Dictionaries Online. Words in green in the poem link to the glossary.

Before reading the poem do a vocabulary activity that will help you to understand some of the more difficult words. Then read/listen to the poem and do comprehension activity (1) and comprehension activity (2). When you have finished, do some writing yourself.

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(Print poem and do activity on paper) (pdf file - 187 KB)

David

David and I that summer cut trails on the Survey,
All week in the valley for wages, in air that was steeped
in the wail of mosquitoes, but over the sunalive week-ends
we climbed, to get from the ruck of the camp, the surly

(1)

Poker, the wrangling, the snoring under the fetid
Tents, and because we had joy in our lengthening coltish
Muscles, and mountains for David were made to see over,
Stairs from the valleys and steps to the sun's retreats.

(2)

Our first was Mount Gleam. We hiked in the long afternoon
To a curling lake and lost the lure of the faceted
Cone in the swell of its sprawing shoulders. Past
The inlet we grilled our bacon, the strips festooned

(3)

On a poplar prong, in the hurrying slant of the sunset.
Then the two of us rolled in the blanket while round us the cold
Pines thrust at the stars. The dawn was a floating
Of mists still we reached to the slopes above timber, and won

(4)

To snow like fire in the sunlight. The peak was upthrust
Like a fist in a frozen ocean of rock that swirled
Into valleys the moon could be rolled in. Remotely unfurling
Eastward the alien prairie glittered. Down through the dusty

(5)

Scree on the west we descended, and David showed me
How to use the give of shale for giant incredible
Strides. I remember, before the larches' edge,
That I jumped on a long green surf of juniper flowing

(6)

Away from the wind, and landed in gentian and saxifrage
Spilled on the moss. Then the darkening firs
And the sudden whirring of water that knifed down a fern-hidden
Cliff and splashed unseen into mist in the shadows.

(7)

One Sunday on Rampart's arête a rainsquall caught us,
And passed, and we clung by our blueing fingers and bootnails
An endless hour in the sun, not daring to move
Till the ice had steamed from the slate. And David taught me

(8)

How time on a knife-edge can pass with the guessing of fragments
Remembered from poets, the naming of strata beside one,
And matching of stories from schooldays ... We crawled astride
The peak to feast on the marching ranges flagged

(9)

By the fading shreds of the shattered stomcloud. Lingering
there it was David who spied to the south, remote
And unmapped, a sunlit spire on Sawback, an overhang
Crooked like a talon. David named it the Finger.

(10)

That day we chanced on the skull and the splayed white ribs
Of a mountain goat underneath a cliff, caught
On a rock. Around were the silken feathers of hawks.
And that was the first I knew that a goat could slip.

(11)

And then Inglismaldie. Now I remember only
The long ascent of the lonely valley, the live
Pine spirally scarred by lightning, the slicing pipe
Of invisible pike, and great prints, by the lowest

(12)

Snow, of a grizzly. There it was too that David
Taught me to read the scroll of coral in limestone
And the beetle-seal in the shale of ghostly trilobites,
Letters delivered to man from the Cambrian waves.

(13)

On Sundance we tried from the col and the going was hard.
The air howled from our feet to the smudged rocks
And the papery lake below. At an outthrust we balked
Till David clung with his left to a dint in the scarp,

(14)

Lobbed the iceaxe over the rocky lip,
Slipped from his holds and hung by the quivering pick,
Twisted his long legs up into space and kicked
To the crest. Then, grinning, he reached with his freckled wrist

(15)

And drew me up after. We set a new time for that climb.
That day returning we found a robin gyrating
In grass, wing-broken. I caught it to tame but David
Took and killed it, and said, "Could you teach it to fly?"

(16)
In August, the second attempt, we ascended The Fortress.
By the Forks of the Spray we caught five trout and fried them
Over a balsam fire. The woods were alive
With the vaulting of mule-deer and drenched with clouds all the morning,
(17)

Till we burst at noon to the flashing and floating round
Of the peaks. Coming down we picked in our hats the bright
And sunhot raspberries, eating them under a mighty
Spruce, while marten moving like quicksilver scouted us.

(18)

But always we talked of the Finger on Sawback, unknown
And hooked, till the first afternoon in September we slogged
Through the musky woods, past a swamp that quivered with frog-song,
And camped by a bottle-green lake. But under the cold

(19)

Breath of the glacier sleep would not come, the moonlight
Etching the finger. We rose and trod past the feathery
Larch, while the stars went out, and the quiet heather
Flushed, and the skyline pulsed with the surging bloom

(20)

Of incredible dawn in the Rockies. David spotted
Bighorns across the moraine and sent them leaping
With yodels the ramparts redoubled and rolled to the peaks,
And the peaks to the sun. The ice in the morning thaw

(21)

Was a gurgling world of crystal and cold blue chasms,
And seracs that shone like frozen salt-green waves.
At the base of the Finger we tried once and failed. Then David
Edged to the west and discovered the chimney; the last

(22)

Hundred feet we fought the rock and shouldered and kneed
Our way for an hour and made it. Unroping we formed
A cairn on the rotting tip. Then I turned to look north
At the glistening wedge of giant Assiniboine, heedless

(23)

Of handhold. And one foot gave. I swayed and shouted.
David turned sharp and reached out his arm and steadied me
Turning again with a grin and his lips ready
To jest. But the strain crumbled his foothold. Without

(24)

A gasp he was gone. I froze to the sound of grating
Edge-nails and fingers, the slither of stones, the lone
Second of silence, the nightmare thud. Then only
The wind and the muted beat of unknowing cascades.

(25)

Somehow I worked down the fifty impossible feet
To the ledge, calling and getting no answer but echoes
Released in the cirque, and trying not to reflect on
What an answer would mean. He lay still, with his lean

(26)

Young face upturned and strangely unmarred, but his legs
Splayed beneath him, beside the final drop,
Six hundred feet sheer to the ice. My throat stopped
When I reached him, for he was alive. He opened his grey

(27)

Straight eyes and brokenly murmured, "over... over."
And I, feeling beneath him a cruel fang
Of the ledge thrust in his back, but not understanding,
Mumbled stupidly, "Best not to move," and spoke

(28)

of his pain. But he said "I can't move ... If only I felt
Some pain." Then my shame stung the tears to my eyes
As I crouched, and I cursed myself, but he cried
Louder, "No, Bobbie! Don't ever blame yourself.

(29)

I didn't test my foothold." He shut the lids
Of his eyes to the stare of the sky, while I moistened his lips
From our water flask and tearing my shirt into strips
I swabbed the shredded hands. But the blood slid

(30)

From his side and stained the stone and the thirsting lichens,
And yet I dared not lift him up from the gore
Of the rock. Then he whispered, "Bob, I want to go over!"
This time I knew what he meant and I grasped for a lie

(31)

And said, "I'll be back here by midnight with ropes
And men from the camp and we'll cradle you out." But I knew
That the day and the night must pass and the cold dews
Of another morning before such men unknowing

(32)

The way of mountains could win to the chimney's top.
And then, how long? And he knew ... and the hell of hours
After that, if he lived till we came, roping him out.
But I curled beside him and whispered, "The bleeding will stop.

(33)

You can last. " He said only, "Perhaps ... For what? A wheelchair,
Bob?" His eyes brightening with fever upbraided me.
I could not look at him more and said, "Then I'll stay
With you." But he did not speak, for the clouding fever.

(34)

I lay dazed and stared at the long valley,
The glistening hair of a creek on the rug stretched
By the firs, while the sun leaned round and flooded the ledge,
The moss, and David still as a broken doll

(35)

I hunched on my knees to leave, but he called and his voice
Now was sharpened with fear. "For Christ's sake push me over!
If I could move ... or die ..." The sweat ran from his forehead
But only his head moved. A hawk was buoying

(36)

Blackly its wings over the wrinkled ice.
The purr of a waterfall rose and sank with the wind.
Above us climbed the last joint of the Finger
Beckoning bleakly the wide indifferent sky.

(37)

Even then in the sun it grew cold lying there ... And I knew
He had tested his holds. It was I who had not ... I looked
At the blood on the ledge, and the far valley. I looked
At last in his eyes. He breathed, "I'd do it for you, Bob."

(38)

I will not remember how or why I could twist
Up the wind-devilled peak, and down through the chimney's empty
Horror, and over the traverse alone. I remember
Only the pounding fear I would stumble on It

(39)

When I came to the grave-cold maw of the bergschrund ... reeling
Over the sun-cankered snowbridge, shying the caves
In the névé ... the fear, and the need to make sure It was there
On the ice, the running and falling and running, leaping

(40)

Of gaping green-throated crevasses, alone and pursued
By the Finger's lengthening shadow. At last through the fanged
And blinding seracs I slid to the milky wrangling
Falls at the glacier's snout, through the rocks piled huge

(41)

On the humped moraine, and into the spectral larches,
Alone, By the glooming lake I sank and chilled
My mouth but I could not rest and stumbled still
To the valley, losing my way in the ragged marsh.

(42)

I was glad of the mire that covered the stains, on my ripped
Boots, of his blood, but panic was on me, the creek
Of the bog, the purple glimmer of toadstools obscene
In the twilight. I staggered clear to a firewaste, tripped

(43)

And fell with a shriek on my shoulder. It somehow eased
My heart to know I was hurt, but I did not faint
And I could not stop while over me hung the range
Of the Sawback. In blackness I searched for the trail by the creek

(44)

And found it ... My feet squelched a slug and horror
Rose again in my nostrils. I hurled myself
Down the path. In the woods behind some animal yelped.
Then I saw the glimmer of tents and babbled my story.

(45)
I said that he fell straight to the ice where they found him,
And none but the sun and incurious clouds have lingered
Around the marks of that day on the ledge of the Finger,
That day, the last of my youth, on the last of our mountains.
(46)

Your turn

Write a poem or story about a mountain or an outdoor adventure. Send it to us.

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Vocabulary activity

In the poem there are many ‘nature words’. Below are definitions of many of these. Study the definitions before you read the poem. You can return to the Nature words glossary if you need to when reading the poem by following the links. To move between the poem and the glossary, click "Back".

Nature words glossary

Mountains

arête: a sharp, narrow ridge or crest of a mountain
cirque: a steep, hollow excavation high on a mountainside, made by glacial erosion
cliff: a high area of rock with a very steep side
col: a gap between peaks in a mountain range, used as a pass
crest: the top or highest part of a hill
crevasse: a very deep crack in the thick ice of a glacier
glacier: a large mass of ice which moves slowly
limestone: a white or light grey rock
moraine: a mound, ridge, or mass of rocks, gravel, sand, clay, etc. carried and deposited directly by a glacier, along its side
névé: the area above or at the head of a glacier
overhang: the part of a rock that sticks out over something below
peak: top of mountain
range: a group of hills or mountains
scarp: a steep slope
scree: an area on the side of a mountain covered with large loose broken stones
serac: a block or column of ice formed by intersecting crevasses on a glacier
shale: a type of soft grey rock
slate: a dark grey rock
strata: layers of rock, earth or similar material
traverse: a way by which one may cross

Plants

Types of trees: poplar; pine; larch; fir; juniper; spruce; balsam

Other plants:

fern: a green plant with long stems, feathery leaves and no flowers
gentian: plant of the gentian family, with blue, white, red, or yellow flowers
heather: a low spreading bush with small pink, purple or white flowers, which grows wild, especially on hills
lichen: a grey, green or yellow plant-like organism that grows especially on rocks, walls and trees
moss: a very small green or yellow plant that grows especially in wet earth or on rocks, walls and tree trunks
raspberry: a small soft red fruit, or the bush on which it grows
saxifrage: perennial plant with small white, yellow, purple, or pinkish flowers
toadstool: a poisonous fungus with a round top and a narrow stem

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Water

creek: small river
dew: the condensation formed on the ground during the night
inlet: a narrow strip of water extending into a body of land from a lake
swamp; marsh; bog: a piece of wet, spongy land that is permanently or periodically covered with water
waterfall; cascade; falls: water, especially from a river or stream, dropping from a higher to a lower point, sometimes from a great height

Animals

bighorn: a large, wild, hairy sheep from the rocky mountains
grizzly bear: a very large greyish brown bear from North America and Canada
hawk: a type of large bird which catches small birds and animals for food
marten: a small carnivorous animal that lives chiefly in trees and has a long, slender body, short legs, and soft, thick, valuable fur
mountain goat: a large-hoofed mammal found only in North America which lives at high altitudes and is a sure-footed climber, often resting on rocky cliffs that predators cannot reach
mule-deer: a deer that lives in the western half of North America and has large ears, like a donkey
pike: a large fish which lives in lakes and rivers and eats other fish
robin: a small brown European bird with a red front, or a similar but slightly larger brown bird of North America
slug: small, usually black or brown, creature with a long soft body and no arms or legs, like a snail but with no shell
trout: a fish that is a popular food, especially a brown type that lives in rivers and lakes or a silver type that lives in the sea but returns to rivers to reproduce

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Weather

frozen: (of water) turned into ice
lightning: a flash of bright light in the sky which is produced by electricity moving between clouds or from clouds to the ground
mist: a weather condition in which very small drops of water gather together to form a thick cloud close to the land or sea, making it difficult to see
rainsquall: a sudden brief storm
stormcloud: thick black cloud carrying rain
sunalive: full of sunshine
sunhot: made hot by the sun
sunlit: receiving a lot of light from the sun
sunset: the time in the evening when you last see the sun in the sky
thaw: a period of warmer weather when snow and ice begin to melt

Other nature words

dawn: the period in the day when light from the sun begins to appear in the sky
mire: an area of deep wet sticky earth
prairie: a wide area of flat land without trees in Canada and the Northern US

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