General background

Chile, which obtained independence from Spain in 1811, has an area somewhat larger than that of France, though distributed in a long, narrow strip between the Pacific and the Cordillera de los Andes. The country's traditional riches lie in mining, especially copper, of which Chile possesses the world's most productive deposits. An earlier development was the nitrate industry in the north. This, like the early railways and shipping, was dominated by the British, resulting in a still sizeable Anglo-Chilean community, and a traditional friendliness towards Britain. Thanks to these factors, and a high level of academic achievement, Chile is one of South America's most prosperous countries. It has only a very small indigenous Indian population, although many Chileans have some Indian ancestry. The national culture is thus European in spirit, and in expectations. A high percentage of Chilean academics and other middle/upper class people have travelled to the USA and/or Europe, and Chileans sometimes describe themselves as the 'British' or 'Swiss' of Latin America.

Earthquakes

Chile lies in a geologically unstable area, and tremors are frequent. However, the severe tremor in 1985 showed that the country is very well-prepared for such things. Buildings are earthquake resistant, and emergency services are efficient. Some golden rules in the event of a 'quake':

• take refuge in a doorway. Do not run out into the street. (Many casualties are caused by falling objects such as roof tiles).
• do not use lifts or indeed any electric appliance.
• do not use a vehicle or the telephone.
• obey orders from the military, police (carabineros) and firemen.
• when feasible, contact the British Council or British Embassy.

Other cities

About half of Chile's population live in Santiago, or in the seaside towns of Valparaíso and Viña del Mar. Concepción is the next most important centre. No other city has more than about 400,000 people. Good standard hotels and communications are available in all towns that a short-term visitor is likely to visit.

Visitors with sufficient time and funds available are often interested in visiting Easter Island (Isla de Pascua), and those who go are seldom disappointed. There are three flights per week, and in summer, in particular, it is necessary to book well in advance. Because of flight timings one must stay a minimum of three days. The island lies over 2,000 miles off the Chilean coast, and flights are consequently expensive. Another extremely attractive destination is the Torres del Paine National Park, about four hours drive north of Punta Arenas, in Patagonia. One can hire a car at the airport, and stay in Hotels in the Park.

Economist.com - Country Briefings: Chile